PANTA FAMILY


Saturday, January 13, 2007

Business finance

In the case of a company, managerial finance or corporate finance is the task of providing the funds for the corporations' activities. It generally involves balancing risk and profitability. Long term funds would be provided by ownership equity and long-term credit, often in the form of bonds. These decisions lead to the company's capital structure. Short term funding or working capital is mostly provided by banks extending a line of credit.

On the bond market, borrowers package their debt in the form of bonds. The borrower receives the money it borrows by selling the bond, which includes a promise to repay the value of the bond with interest. The purchaser of a bond can resell the bond, so the actual recipient of interest payments can change over time. Bonds allow lenders to recoup the value of their loan by simply selling the bond.

Another business decision concerning finance is investment, or fund management. An investment is an acquisition of an asset in the hopes that it will maintain or increase its value. In investment management - in choosing a portfolio - one has to decide what, how much and when to invest. In doing so, one needs to
  • Identify relevant objectives and constraints: institution or individual - goals - time horizon - risk aversion - tax considerations
  • Identify the appropriate strategy: active vs passive - hedging strategy
  • Measure the portfolio performance

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Friday, January 12, 2007

Finance

Finance studies and addresses the ways in which individuals, businesses, and organizations raise, allocate, and use monetary resources over time, taking into account the risks entailed in their projects. The term finance may thus incorporate any of the following:

  • The study of money and other assets;
  • The management and control of those assets;
  • Profiling and managing project risks;
  • As a verb, "to finance" is to provide funds for business.

The activity of finance is the application of a set of techniques that individuals and organizations (entities) use to manage their financial affairs, particularly the differences between income and expenditure and the risks of their investments.

An entity whose income exceeds its expenditure can lend or invest the excess income. On the other hand, an entity whose income is less than its expenditure can raise capital by borrowing or selling equity claims, decreasing its expenses, or increasing its income. The lender can find a borrower, a financial intermediary, such as a bank or buy notes or bonds in the bond market. The lender receives interest, the borrower pays a higher interest than the lender receives, and the financial intermediary pockets the difference.

A bank aggregates the activities of many borrowers and lenders. A bank accepts deposits from lenders, on which it pays the interest. The bank then lends these deposits to borrowers. Banks allow borrowers and lenders of different sizes to coordinate their activity. Banks are thus compensators of money flows in space since they allow different lenders and borrowers to meet, and in time, since every borrower, in theory, will eventually pay back.

A specific example of corporate finance is the sale of stock by a company to institutional investors like investment banks, who in turn generally sell it to the public. The stock gives whoever owns it part ownership in that company. If you buy one share of XYZ Inc, and they have 100 shares available, you are 1/100 owner of that company. You own 1/100 of the net difference between assets and liabilities on the balance sheet. Of course, in return for the stock, the company receives cash, which it uses to expand its business in a process called "equity financing". Equity financing mixed with the sale of bonds (or any other debt financing) is called the company's capital structure.

Finance is used by individuals (personal finance), by governments (public finance), by businesses (corporate finance), etc., as well as by a wide variety of organizations including schools and non-profit organizations. In general, the goals of each of the above activities are achieved through the use of appropriate financial instruments, with consideration to their institutional setting.

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Thursday, December 28, 2006

Personal Car Financing

It is not that difficult to own a car now; car loans have made dreams approachable. You can apply for car loans that suit your financial status. Have bad credit or no credit? You’re not alone. Nearly 25 percent of all car buyers can’t qualify for standard financing options.

Yet, many people apply for car loans as now finance acquiring has become an easier procedure and suits the requirements of many. Availability of easy loans has no more remained a problem as there are various online organizations that fuel your procedures even if you are categorized as having “bad credit”. The finance availability procedure can be customized in accordance to your requirements, your financial status, etc. Many companies specialize in helping people with bad credit to get the car they have their hearts set on.

Some guidelines are provided by the companies who ease the burden of your loan acquiring messed-up procedures. Legal papers, your identity proof and a few other documents need to be stacked, in order to complete their formalities.

As for instance, the your income details become a major requirement as that is the basis of your loan being granted by the company you have opted for. In accordance to most of the companies an income of about $1500 per month or $8.66 per hour draws as a necessity for a full-time employed person.

The finance applicants should have been working for at least a year with the same employer, preferably 2 years are considered as an added advantage so as to ease the procedures. Also, the applicant’s balance should be cleared, bankruptcy should not be the applicant’s status feature; if the due payment is about a year old, and cash payment clearance turns out to be a necessity.

These indirect car loan lenders are far lenient as compared to the direct lenders as they miss out some of the tough norms, that of the “bad credit” criteria. More the work simplified, a cost lies behind it. Various indirect car loan lenders have their own rates as it is their volition. A survey of comparing these rates has to be done by the applicant before borrowing money in order to avoid repenting after the deal is done. It is imperative that the applicant carefully reviews the terms of his car finance before entering into an agreement with the car lender.

Another factor coming into picture is the duration of repayment of the loan acquired, number of installments, etc. For example, you may get lower monthly payment rates over 3 years than over 2 years. However, the total finance charges over time are higher over a longer term.

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Monday, December 18, 2006

How To Save Money With Auto Insurance Quotes

Auto Insurance Online Quote Advice

Getting an auto insurance online quote is one of the cheapest and quickest methods to obtain a car insurance quote. It also offers more options to consumers who can access several auto insurance companies, carriers and brokers, conveniently from the comfort of their own homes at any given time.

To get the auto insurance online quote, you’ll first need to visit the official website of your chosen auto insurance company. Most auto insurance sites provide an online template form for you to fill out, and any information that you enter in the application will have an impact on the final quote. So it’s best to review and revise what you have typed and avoid errors that can adversely influence the auto insurance online quote, and receive a cheap online car insurance quote, along with the most accurate approximations of the policy you’re applying for.

In addition to the required personal information such as name, address and contact numbers, the cost and coverage of the insurance policy will be significantly dependent on the information you give out, including your age, gender and marital status. For example, auto insurance companies are very alert when doing business with single or younger drivers who are more likely to indulge in reckless driving, disregard for traffic rules, etc. So the cost of the premium you have to pay for the auto insurance policy may be higher if you’re under 25 years of age. However, insuring younger drivers on safer, non-performance cars and less powerful vehicles may allow you to receive a cheaper auto insurance online quote. Also remember that the Make, Model and Year of the automobile are also important factors taken into consideration by auto insurance companies when they calculate rates. Expensive and high performance automobiles such as supercars require more extensive repairs after a crash, so they are more likely to cost you more on insurance.

Tips on Obtaining a Cheap Auto Insurance Online Quote

1. Look for several types of auto insurance quotes regularly

2. Take into account the value of your car/automobile in comparison to the amount you’re paying for premiums when making decisions such as "liability only" insurance.

3. A simple 6 hour defensive driving course can save you up to 10% on your auto insurance premium

4. Many auto insurance companies will give you a discount for multiple auto insurance policies. If you’ve used one agency for different types of insurances such as life, home, fire, etc, us the same insurance company for you auto insurance

5. Remember that higher deductibles result in lower insurance premiums

6. Maintain a healthy credit rating because auto insurance companies take into account your current credit score as part of their calculation

7. Prepare yourself with valid reasons why you are at lower risk, such as safer vehicle, clean record of driving, anti-theft alarms etc.

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Seven Tips To Help You Control Health Insurance Costs

The issue of health care touches the lives of virtually everyone. As a result, there are very few people unaware of the ever-increasing health care costs. Many of the factors responsible for this “crisis” – for example, new technologies – cannot be controlled by the typical health care consumer. Nevertheless, there are some actions you can take that will help reduce your out-of-pocket expenses, without risking the well being of you and your family.

First, with the vast majority of health insurance plans utilizing networks of participating doctors and hospitals, it pays to stay within this network. Insurance companies are able to negotiate a discount with these participating providers, which translate into fewer out-of-pocket expenses for you, the insured. When you go outside your network of providers, you do not enjoy these savings and will almost certainly incur greater costs.

Second, choose generic drugs whenever possible. It has been reported that the pharmaceutical industry spends more than $2 billion advertising more expensive name brand drugs. In many situations, you can save significant money by using the generic version of a drug. The next time your primary care physician writes a prescription for you, be sure to inquire about any generic options.

Third, only go the emergency room for emergencies. For non-emergency care for such things as a cold or minor sprain, consider using an urgent care facility. Of course, if you have any doubts about the severity of your condition, go the ER. Nevertheless, keep in mind that most health insurance plans charge higher co-pays for emergency room care than they do for an office visit or urgent care.

Fourth, follow doctor’s orders when it comes to medication. Not refilling a prescription in order to save money in the short run may very well cost you more long term. Indeed, if you fail to continue with your medication as prescribed by your doctor, you may develop a much more serious medical ailment requiring more expensive medical care or even hospitalization.

Fifth, for outpatient surgery, look into using an ambulatory surgery center. Such freestanding surgery and diagnostic centers, that are not a hospital or run by a hospital, typically charge less than hospitals for tests such as MRI’s, CAT scans, and bone density scans. Of course, before using one of these facilities, make sure that it is within your network and that the test or treatment is a covered benefit.

Six, if you suffer from chronic medical conditions such as high blood pressure or diabetes, ask your doctor about home testing and monitoring devices. Home testing, in close coordination and reporting with your primary care physician, is cheaper than in-office testing. The next time you visit your doctor, ask whether such testing might be an option for you.

Lastly, in terms of health-related costs, one of the best ways to same money is simply by taking better care of yourself. With this in mind, many health insurance plans offer programs designed to help keep you healthy, and often save you money at the same time. These may be disease management (e.g. diabetes, heart disease, asthma) as well as preventative programs. Preventative programs may include weight loss, stopping smoking, and stress management.

As a health care consumer, it may seem at times that there is absolutely nothing you can do to gain some control over the spiraling costs of health care. While there are factors that cannot be controlled by the average consumer, in this article we have discussed seven actions that you can take immediately to help control costs. It may also pay to consult with your Human Resources department, or your health insurance agent, to discuss additional ways to help rein in your out-of-pocket health care expenses.

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Wednesday, November 22, 2006

Finance Articles

1: The Market of Securities (225 views)
by jr.schneiderA security is a document that evidences specific claims on a stream of income and/or to particular assets. Debt securities include bonds and mortgages. Ownership securities include common stock certificate..

2: Foreign Exchange (120 views)
by jr.schneiderFOREX MARKETThe currency exchange market is the largest market in the world with transactions worth $1.5 trillion taking place in a single day. Forex trading is the selling of a currency and simultaneously..

3: Forex Indicators (352 views)
by jr.schneiderRelative Strength Index (RSI) RSI is an indicator that falls under the category of oscillators, and it is an extremely simple indicator to use. RSI works well in range-bound markets, but it has limited...

4: Different Financial Systems (318 views)
by jr.schneiderDifferent Financial Systemsthere are two models of financial systems to choose from, a banking oriented system and a market oriented system .I am going to explain how real countries fit the alternatives..


5: Government benefits – for those on low incomes (15 views)
by BenedictOne of a series examining the different types of government benefits, this guide looks at some of the options available to assist those who’re on a low income and are struggling to support themselves or..


6: Government benefits – for the unemployed (13 views)
by BenedictThe government provides a range of benefits and allowances for those who are unable to support themselves financially, whether they are unemployed and looking for work, on a low income, ill, injured or..

7: Paynet Systems Credit Card Processing and Merchant Services (16 views)
by paynetsystems1Paynet Systems is a registered Merchant Service Provider of Wells Fargo Bank, NA, that caters to the growing need of electronic processing of credit cards and Merchant accounts. Providing sophisticated..


8: Paynet Systems-Efficient Credit Card Processing and Merchant Services (15 views)
by paynetsystems1Paynet Systems is a registered Merchant Service Provider of Wells Fargo Bank, NA, that caters to the growing need of electronic processing of credit cards and Merchant accounts. Providing sophisticated..


9: Government benefits – helping you in retirement (30 views)
by BenedictUnless you’ve managed to build up a large private pension or have a great deal of savings, it’s not always easy to get by in retirement when you’re no longer earning. There are various ways in which the..


10: Government benefits – bringing up a family (29 views)
by BenedictThere’s a wide range of government benefits to support you as you bring up your family if you’re on a low income and need assistance. This is a brief guide to some of the key benefits that you may be eligible..

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